The Role of Pressure Drops in Heat Exchanger Performance
Pressure drop is a critical performance factor for shell-and-tube exchangers, straight-tube heat exchangers, and similar systems. A sudden or gradual loss in pressure can reduce heat transfer efficiency, increase energy consumption, and even lead to system failure. Knowing the causes and solutions helps maintain optimal performance and extend equipment life. Causes of Pressure Drops in Heat Exchangers A pressure drop occurs when fluid encounters resistance while moving through the heat exchanger. Common contributing factors include: Fouling and Blockages – Deposits of scale, rust, or biological growth restrict fluid flow. Plate or Tube Misalignment – Disrupts the intended flow pattern, creating inefficiencies. Internal Wear or Corrosion – Roughened surfaces from wear or corrosion slow fluid movement. Improper Flow Rates – Excessively high or low flow rates can raise pressure loss and lower efficiency. Routine monitoring of pressure levels helps detect early issues...